In most key performance areas, targets are being met, but there is still work to do over the next few years to move the Saudi economy away from oil toward a more sustainable future.
With Iran's effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz, alternatives for Gulf energy transit are being sought. Could the Saudi landmass straddling two seas be bridged for the benefit of all?
As a route for Gulf energy exports, nothing can fully replace the Strait of Hormuz, which remains closed by Iran, but a Saudi port city on the Red Sea could hold some of the answers.
In these pristine Saudi islands, a generation of writers has drawn on life by the sea to produce a body of work shaped by memory, identity, and rapid change
As Saudi Arabia approaches its third century as a nation, Founding Day frames 1727 not simply as a historical milestone but as the starting point of an evolving state
It has followed economic reforms closely, explaining policy shifts to the public, assessing outcomes, and contributing to informed discussion when needed
Is the Red Sea moving toward an ordered space governed by capable states or toward a grey zone edging toward disorder? Read our February cover story to find out.
In places like Yemen, Sudan, and Somalia, which all have long coastlines along key maritime routes, the authority of the state and its institutions needs to overcome the forces of disorder.
The standoff in the Hormuz is not simply a question of whether Tehran can survive economic pressure, but whether Washington can sustain the pressure at an acceptable cost.
Many Israelis actually believe that they lost the war, with opposition leader Yair Lapid accusing the Israeli premier of having led the country into "strategic collapse and diplomatic catastrophe"
The Strait of Hormuz is now poised to become the primary arena of confrontation, with Iran relying on speedboat-driven guerrilla warfare to confront the US navy.
Former regime soldiers are stuck in limbo, as their undocumented status prevents them from working, travelling, and curbs family members' access to education, healthcare and social services