Russia

Moscow has had a longstanding relationship with Hamas. It seeks to erode a US-led world order that Putin calls an "ugly neo-colonial system" coming to an end in favour of a multipolar world.

The grain deal between Russia and China is part of a growing trade portfolio and has important implications for both countries and the rest of the world.

Russia's credibility in the region was diminished by its backing of the Syrian regime, so it has limited cards to play. But Moscow stands to benefit from Western distraction in its war on Ukraine.

Kyiv now controls state-of-the-art armour. Its strategies will determine if the hardware can help change a complex war under skies it does not control, or if the arrival is just symbolic.

Politics were played down when Russia brought former Soviet states into a trading bloc to counter the EU. But suspicions over deeper motives were there from the start. Sanctions are a major test.

Microsoft customers will no longer be able to renew services in Russia. Meanwhile, local substitutes like Astra, RedOS, and BaseAlt vie for a higher market share.

After almost three decades, Azerbaijan has restored its sovereignty over Karabakh. More than half of 120,000 or so Armenians have already left and many more are expected to follow.

A once-unshakeable alliance has been disrupted by a one-sided dependency and a feeling of unrepaid loyalty as Putin's invasion of Ukraine echoes through his near-neighbours as well as the wider world

In a region where wider geopolitical change is taking hold, speculation about the depth and purpose of Moscow's ties with Khartoum has deepened throughout the civil war. Al Majalla explains.

Moscow's edge over Kyiv has been its naval power, as Ukraine has virtually no navy. But over the past few weeks, a successful Ukrainian offensive has helped tip the scales in the conflict.