Both leaders used their platform in Jeddah to deliver subtle messages to their allies and enemies

Arab states will refrain from intervening in internal Arab conflicts but will help facilitate dialogue between the conflicting parties as the sole means for conflict resolution

In the final instalment of the two-part series, Sami Moubayed gives a historical review of key Arab summits over the years as Arab leaders grappled with consecutive wars, conflicts and uprisings

A notable feature of this year's Arab summit is that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad will be attending for the first time since 2011

In part one of a two-part series, Sami Moubayed gives a historical review of key Arab summits over the years as Arab leaders grappled with consecutive wars, conflicts and uprisings

Exploration of the options available to Arab nationalists pursuing their perceived best interests across the Gulf prior to the birth of the Syrian state

Syria may receive rehabilitation from regional actors, however, it still faces isolation and continued punitive measures from the West at large

Amid Arab normalisation with Syria and Saudi-Iranian rapprochement, regional stakeholders will be closely watching how the situation unfolds and how regional dynamics evolve

The final agreement explicitly stated that both Lebanon and Israel "recognise their obligation to live in peace with each other," thereby ending the state of war between them

An analysis of the events and currents leading up to, during, and after the Nakba, together with an assessment of the available historical records