From Mesopotamia, credited with inventing cuneiform writing and having a thriving economy, to today's burdened Iraq, there is still an opportunity for economic reform and societal development.

Kuwait needs to shrink its public sector and use privatisation to cut its dependence on oil revenue. Reform will only become more difficult as the world moves to alternative energy.

Seven months after the earthquake that struck southern Turkey and northwestern Syria — the area that suffered the most from marginalisation policies before the Syrian conflict — the heavy cost of the…

There are still some serious questions, challenges, and obstacles that stand in the way of BRICS achieving total independence from the dollar with its proposed rival currency.

The high level of unemployment has become a national talking point in Iran, while claimed statistics offered by the government are no longer trusted by citizens.

The demise of debt talks with the IMF made the country's finances a national talking point. A Saudi package has provided wriggle room, but political action is needed for proper progress.

The land of frankincense has been trading with its neighbours around the Arabian Gulf and the Arabian Sea for millennia. It now has cutting-edge ambitions for its future.

In its capital, once famed as the City of Light, it is now much darker. Paris is unable to achieve social and economic equality for millions of its citizens, sparking riots and disorder.

There is a long-standing nationwide sense of helplessness, stoked by government inaction over a series of crises. It shows up in various ways, from spending patterns to a rise in homelessness.

The share of manufacturing industry exports was once less than 10 percent. Now it has reached 80 percent, with more than half of this share going to Europe.