Armed groups, both pro and non-regime, pose myriad threats to the fundamental functions of the state.

Al Majalla entered a new and exciting phase 12 months ago. Here, we reflect on our history and what we covered in the past year.

Al Majalla dedicates its February issue to exploring Iran's use of militias to exert influence and negotiate with the United States and other major powers.

From Iraq to Syria and Lebanon to Yemen, Iran-backed militias have expanded their power and influence. However, regional escalation following the 7 October attack on Israel is testing their limits.

Armed groups have proliferated in the Iraqi security vacuum, in some cases supported by Iran. After three US soldiers were killed, the Americans have hit back. How will the militias react now?

With an election now looking likely at some point this year, how are the two candidates likely to approach 2024, and can anything stop what looks like Labour's inevitable victory?

In response to the killing of three US soldiers in Jordan last week, the US attacked more than 80 targets belonging to Iran-backed proxy groups and Tehran's Revolutionary Guard.

The Middle East is no stranger to displacement. Al Majalla highlights case studies in Lebanon and Syria as a potential template for the future of Gaza.

Starving civilians is an ancient military tactic. Although it is now considered a war crime, there are plenty of modern-day examples of its utilisation, the most recent of which is in Gaza.

Affectionately known as Al-Fedayeen, the national football team reminded the world of a people's ambitions for statehood – and revealed the wider extent of demands for peace in Gaza.