In recent years, AI-based tools have become part of Israel’s military arsenal. This was particularly evident during the Gaza war of 2023-2024, in which the Israeli army deployed AI-based systems for proactive forecasting, threat alerts, defensive systems, intelligence analysis, targeting, and munitions.
While incorporating AI into the military can improve combat capabilities, these novel tools are still not regulated by international law, which raises significant legal and moral concerns.
One system in use is the Alchemist System, which possesses both defensive and offensive capabilities. This system can identify targets and promptly inform combatants of threats, like suspicious movements. Another defence system, Edge 360, installed within armoured vehicles currently operational in Gaza, detects potential threats from every angle and promptly alerts the vehicle operator.
One of the Decision Support Systems (DSS) the Israeli army uses is the Fire Factory, which can analyse extensive datasets, including historical data about previous targets, enabling the calculation of required ammunition quantities and the prioritisation and allocation of targets, among other actions.
Another system is the Gospel, which helps the Israeli military intelligence division improve recommendations and identify key targets. For its part, the Fire Weaver system links intelligence-gathering sensors to field-deployed weapons, facilitating target identification and engagement capabilities.
Finally, a recent report by 972+ magazine reported that the Israeli army deployed an AI system called Lavender, which targets Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad operatives. The report revealed that approximately 10% of the people targeted were incorrectly identified—an extremely high error rate.
