The Strait of Hormuz is now poised to become the primary arena of confrontation, with Iran relying on speedboat-driven guerrilla warfare to confront the US navy.
Former regime soldiers are stuck in limbo, as their undocumented status prevents them from working, travelling, and curbs family members' access to education, healthcare and social services
The standoff in the Hormuz is not simply a question of whether Tehran can survive economic pressure, but whether Washington can sustain the pressure at an acceptable cost.
Largely forgotten by history, leaders in Beirut and Tel Aviv shook hands on a plan for normal bilateral relations 43 years ago, after yet another Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon.
The initiative runs alongside an agreed budget and political discussions on power-sharing facilitated by an American envoy, but Washington is concerned about the presence of foreign fighters
Photos of Israeli soldiers cooking, celebrating, and looting inside homes in Gaza and southern Lebanon reveal how the occupied home is treated as a natural right
Legislation to fund the American military and intelligence services will include requirements that Israeli defence firms be involved in sensitive projects and that classified information be shared
Even if diplomatic progress continues, the Strait could be closed again. As a result, the geopolitical risk premium attached to Gulf energy exports is unlikely to disappear entirely.