Has Iran's ideology actually hardened?

The change in tone and presentation of policy isn't a fundamental redirection, but rather the consolidation of a system under pressure

Alex Vatanka

The New Safavids

When Ismail al-Safavi came from Anatolia and occupied Tabriz from 907 AH to 1502, he declared himself a Shah and issued the first royal command calling for the prayer “I testify that Ali is the…

Gamal Abd El-Maboud

A Deepening Alliance of Convenience

Russia-China military cooperation continues to deepen. On August 9th the two sides kicked off five-day-long joint military exercises in China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The exercise includes…

Maia Otarashvili

Outlawed Ennahda

Tunisia is certainly going through a serious turning point that represents the crux of the dispute between the Islamic movement, on one hand, and the civil parties, on the other hand. This dispute…

Gamal Abd El-Maboud