Syria’s promise of accountability risks ringing hollow

The absence of transparency around what happens after arrests shows the government's failure to establish credible mechanisms for justice

Syria’s promise of accountability risks ringing hollow

The case of Ahmad al-Abdullah—a member of Syria’s new military, also known as Abu al-Meesh al-Sarawi— highlights the persistent lack of transparency in government-led accountability efforts. On 17 August, reports surfaced of his arrest over alleged involvement in serious violations during violent clashes in the coastal areas and, more recently, in Sweida. Yet his apparent return to social media shortly afterwards raised questions about his apparent release.

No official statement was issued to confirm or deny his release, nor was any explanation provided for it. In the absence of clear communication, speculation quickly filled the void—deepening public uncertainty and eroding trust in the transitional authorities’ ability to hold perpetrators accountable.

Interim president Ahmed al-Sharaa and his government have repeatedly pledged that justice will be upheld and that those who commit crimes will face consequences. But verbal assurances are not enough. Years under the Assad regime taught Syrians that talk is cheap. And the opacity that surrounds accountability efforts today only reinforces that scepticism.

Promises of justice—when not followed by concrete action—risk sounding hollow. The absence of transparency around what happens after arrests—including in high-profile cases like al-Abdullah’s—points to a deeper issue: the transitional authorities’ ongoing failure to establish credible and transparent mechanisms for accountability.

Crimes committed by security and military forces aligned with the transitional government are among the most pressing challenges in the post-Assad era. In a notable step, Syrian President Sharaa publicly acknowledged the occurrence of such violations and pledged to implement reforms and ensure accountability.

Syrians who once put their hopes in the new leadership are now asking whether this transition marks real change or simply old habits dressed in new clothes

To put these commitments into practice, fact-finding missions have been launched to investigate abuses in Sweida and along the coast. Authorities have also announced the arrest of individuals accused of misconduct. Al-Abdullah's reported arrest, in particular, was seen by many as a sign that authorities were serious about holding even their own members accountable.

Breaking from the past

Accountability in post-conflict settings is not only about punishing wrongdoers; it is about demonstrating that the new political order is fundamentally different from the one it replaced. Syrians lived under a regime where abuses were denied, victims were silenced, and impunity was the norm. To break from that past, transitional authorities must demonstrate that violations—especially those committed by their own forces—will not be ignored or brushed aside.

The case of al-Abdullah illustrates the challenges that arise when such transparency is lacking. Although he was filmed during the clashes inciting hostility toward the Alawite and Druze communities as violations unfolded, reports of his release have drawn no response from officials.

Was he actually released? Was the evidence against him insufficient? Was he acquitted through due process, or was his release the result of political considerations? Without transparency, each possibility seems equally plausible, and all of them erode trust. The longer the silence persists, the deeper the sense of betrayal becomes.

Syrians who once put their hopes in the interim authorities are now asking whether this transition marks real change or simply old habits dressed in new clothes. Opacity is not a minor technical hiccup to be fixed over time; it's a political threat that undermines the very legitimacy of the transitional government.

Without visible accountability, the promise of a "new Syria" loses credibility

Credibility deficiency

Without visible accountability, the promise of a "new Syria" loses credibility. International partners are also watching closely. Their willingness to provide financial, diplomatic, and political support depends on the government's actions.

What Syria needs most urgently is a fundamental shift in how accountability is practised. The outcomes of probes and trials must be made public. Civilian oversight must be institutionalised, not left to ad hoc efforts.

Accountability is not a secondary issue to be addressed after political stability is secured. It is the very foundation of stability. Without it, abuses will continue, grievances will deepen, and reconciliation will remain impossible. With it, Syrians can begin to believe their sacrifices were not in vain.

The choices made now will shape Syria's future, and its people are no longer satisfied with promises; they want action. And unless this transition delivers, it risks collapsing under the weight of the very mistrust it was meant to overcome.

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