Turning to drones: Morocco enters the UAV industry

The Kingdom already has extensive manufacturing expertise in the production of parts for aircraft, so producing unmanned aerial vehicles for civil and military purposes seems natural

Lina Jaradat

Turning to drones: Morocco enters the UAV industry

In a move that potentially opens a lucrative new industry for the Kingdom, Morocco has started producing drones for both military and civil purposes.

For the latter, officials say the aircraft could be used for scientific and agricultural research, monitoring climate and environmental changes, forests, coastlines, and urban development, as well as for monitoring land and sea borders, including illegal migration.

With an aim of making 1,000 drones a year in the medium-term, Moroccan industrial leaders feel they can leverage their experience manufacturing parts for commercial aircraft and using drones for economic and development purposes.

Diving into UAVs

In October, Moroccan-based Aerodrive Engineering Service said it had just developed the Atlas I-Star drone, a high-precision unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed for intelligence-gathering and surveillance. This is the first drone manufactured in Morocco with local expertise, according to sources familiar with the details.

Three weeks later, at the Marrakesh Air Show at the end of October, British drone company Tekever said it was forming a partnership with Droneway, a Moroccan firm. This will lead to investment in industrial projects, test platforms, training, assembly, maintenance, and logistical support.

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The ATLAS ISTAR drone is produced by the Moroccan company “Atlas” for Military Industries.

Tekever’s drones specialise in aerial surveillance, so its technology and expertise will likely assist Morocco’s military and intelligence apparatus. The company’s chief executive Ricardo Mendes said the partnership “will prove critical in establishing Morocco as the African leader in drone technologies.

Droneway’s chief executive Yassine Qammous, who described the company as “proudly Moroccan,” said: “We understand the unique challenges and opportunities of our region... Tekever’s cutting-edge technology is at the forefront of the drone market, offering unparalleled capabilities that are essential to driving forward a national drone programme and ensuring skills transfer with the aim of making Morocco an African hub for the drone industry.”

Theirs is not the only partnership in Morocco’s nascent drone industry. Ondas Optimus, a US company specialising in commercial drones, said it is working with Moroccan company Maghrebnet to establish a civil drone manufacturing facility. Eric Brock, head of Ondas, noted Morocco’s “industrial and technological capabilities” in its decision, adding that it “represents a promising market”.

The American company is betting on Morocco to expand its activities in the economic and industrial sectors, as Brock said the focus was on "aerial data collection for government, commercial, and strategic applications".

Ondas, which also has contracts in the UAE, notes that Morocco "has strengthened its position in North Africa as a leading country in the manufacture of different types of drones with different purposes through international partnerships".

British drone company Tekever recently announced its partnership with Droneway, a Moroccan firm

Experience in aircraft

Morocco's Minister of Industry and Trade Ryad Mezzour said its success in the automotive industry "has whetted the industrial appetite for other sectors, such as aircraft manufacturing, and later, high-speed trains and commercial container ships." Speaking to Al Majalla, he said he believes that the Moroccan economy is "gradually moving towards an economy based on industry and technology".

Business magazine Forbes ranks Morocco as one of the top 20 suppliers to the world's leading civil and commercial aircraft manufacturers, including Airbus, Boeing, Safran, Bombardier, Spirit AeroSystems, and Pratt & Whitney. It says Morocco "aims to increase its export of aircraft parts to $4bn by 2025".

Moroccan factories supply engine parts, aircraft fuselages, and other interior components daily to factories from Seattle to Toulouse, making the country a key cog in the global civil aviation production supply chain. Exports of civil aircraft parts topped $1.6bn in the first half of 2024, up 20% despite setbacks in the sector.

The Kingdom has signed maintenance contracts with Lockheed Martin, the US defence giant that makes the eponymous F-16 fighter jets and C-130 Hercules transport airlift planes.

Lockheed said its factories north of Rabat will maintain and modernise military aircraft exported to Morocco and its neighbours such as Tunisia, Libya, Niger, Chad, and Egypt. The company aims to "make Morocco a regional platform for the maintenance of its military aircraft in the Middle East and North Africa region".

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A Morrocan warplane.

Under the agreement, Morocco gets equipment and training to support its Royal Air Force and expand its client base to neighbouring states, plus new F-16 jets between 2025-27 to enhance and upgrade its current fleet of fighters. Separately, Washington has approved the sale of 36 Apache helicopters to Morocco, due next year.

Morocco's Law 10.20 allows for international cooperation to achieve self-sufficiency in military production and develop a strong local aerospace industry. As such, Morocco's military aviation cooperation has extended to the US, France, Germany, Spain, the UAE, Turkey, China, Israel, and Brazil.

Expanding production

The number of companies manufacturing civil aircraft parts in Morocco is increasing. Swiss company Pilatus has set up a factory in Casablanca's Midparc to assemble C-P12 aircraft, while Safran International has expanded its production of CFM 56 engines, supplying to Airbus and Boeing. Safran has now made 33,000 of these engines, valued at around $24bn, exporting them around the world.

Royal Air Maroc has developed maintenance, repair, and overhaul services at Casablanca's Mohammed V International Airport for European and African carriers. It aims to transport 32 million passengers by 2030, when it co-hosts the World Cup finals, and buy 200 new aircraft.

Cooperation between France and Morocco in civil and military aviation was likely discussed when French President Emmanuel Macron visited Morocco at the end of October. The visit made headlines when France recognised Morocco's claim of sovereignty over the Western Sahara, which is also claimed by the Polisario Front.

Morocco's military aviation cooperation has extended to the US, France, Germany, Spain, the UAE, Turkey, China, Israel, and Brazil

In recent years, Morocco has used Israeli drones to combat Polisario fighters across this vast swathe of land stretching 900km along the Atlantic coast. Having its own drone fleet and capability will no doubt be a Moroccan military objective.

Tapping a market

According to The Insight Partners website, the commercial aviation maintenance market will be worth $134bn by 2030, generating revenues of $91bn this year. For those in the maintenance industry, this is a busy time.

After recent problems with Airbus and Boeing aircraft caused costly supply chain disruptions and delivery delays, both firms are now struggling to meet their commitments, which has led some airlines to reach for a Plan B, choosing to extend the life of their current fleets instead, as they wait for the manufacturers to resolve their issues.

Morocco is well-placed. Many African airlines already rely on Moroccan ground services for repairs and overhauls due to the high price of new aircraft and the delays in delivery. With plenty of ageing aircraft, Africa requires more regular maintenance than any other continent. Airbus estimates that the cost of maintaining sub-Saharan Africa's air fleets will double from $2.7bn in 2023 to $5.5bn in the coming years.

The continent will need 1,180 new aircraft over the next 20 years, increasing its fleet to 1,630 aircraft by 2040, but the distribution of these planes may be concentrated in countries like Egypt, Morocco, South Africa, Ethiopia, and Nigeria.

Running alongside this, the manufacture of UAVs seems like a natural progression for Morocco, and for many analysts, this is a good time to enter a sector that has been dominated for decades by a handful of major players. Time will tell. 

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