What the video of Hezbollah’s new mountain facility can tell us

A ‘missile city’ in Lebanon’s mountains is either the stereotypical lair or the ultimate safe haven, depending on how you see the armed Shiite group. As an exercise in propaganda, watch the video unveiling it

An image grab taken from a video released by the Hezbollah military press office on August 16, 2024, purportedly shows military capabilities in what the video describes as an underground position.
Hezbollah military press office / AFP
An image grab taken from a video released by the Hezbollah military press office on August 16, 2024, purportedly shows military capabilities in what the video describes as an underground position.

What the video of Hezbollah’s new mountain facility can tell us

Earlier this month, Hezbollah’s ‘war media’ department seemed to be in its element as the group unveiled its new Imad 4 “missile city”, to the awe of its support base.

Releasing the video, the department’s operators said its primary purpose was to conduct psychological warfare against the enemy. Judging by the cheers, it was also designed to boost the group’s dented morale.

The complex is described as “a military city in the mountains”, which plays on the group’s phrase: “Our mountains are our treasuries.”

The video includes footage of tunnels wide enough to accommodate trucks carrying missiles, launch platforms for heavy missiles, and a “secure” communication network linked to the outside world.

Moreover, Imad 4 boasts a high-security system, a field hospital, and life support infrastructure to enable self-sufficiency and sustained operations for up to a year without external support.

The facility’s symbolism

The facility was named after Lebanese militant leader Imad Mughniyeh, who was assassinated in Damascus in 2008. It once served as his headquarters. Qassem Soleimani, the Iranian commander of the elite Quds Force, supposedly also visited the site before his assassination by US forces in Baghdad in 2020.

Hezbollah military press office / AFP
An image grab taken from a video released by the Hezbollah military press office on August 16, 2024, purportedly shows military capabilities in what the video describes as an underground position.

Currently overseen by Hezbollah’s Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah, its name (Imad 4) suggests the existence of three other such “missile cities” that are widespread in Iran.

In the video, emotional elements are strategically sequenced, targeting an audience beyond Israel. Some will not recognise the significance of the opening Quranic verse: “Indeed, we have given you a clear conquest.” This verse parallels “Victory from Allah and an imminent conquest,” which the base views as prophetic.

The complex is described as 'a military city in the mountains,' which plays on the group's phrase: 'Our mountains are our treasuries' 

The concluding verse, "Then watch for the Day when the sky will bring a visible smoke," suggests an impending surprise, aligning with the Secretary-General's penchant for unexpected developments promised to his supporters.

The phrase "Our mountains are our treasuries," used in the plural, emphasises the unity between the fighters and their supporters.

Messaging and morale

The video evokes a sense of nostalgia for "resistance," featuring intermittent commentary from Nasrallah, accompanied by soft background music.

Hezbollah military press office / AFP
An image grab taken from a video released by the Hezbollah military press office on August 16, 2024, shows fighters saluting their flag in what the video describes as an underground position.

Again, this will be recognisable only to those familiar with its significance, since it is the Iranian revolutionary anthem All Forward, which debuted in the year of the Islamic Revolution's victory.

Its opening line, "Bah Laleh dar Khon Khafteh"—meaning "To the tulip in blood"—alludes to the tulip as a symbol of "the martyr" in the literature of the Islamic Revolution.

This symbolism is also reflected in the logo of the Martyr's Foundation, which supports the families of "resistance martyrs" in Lebanon and Iran.

The selection of this anthem is deliberate, conveying that the entire axis of resistance follows the path of martyrs who fight against oppressors and pledges, in their memory and in the name of freedom, to persist in the struggle until the last breath.

Subtly, the anthem calls for the unification of resistance fronts, with the phrase "Everlasting our beloved Iran" repeated three times.

This message is underscored by the inclusion of only three leaders' images in the video: Soleimani (representing Iran), Nasrallah (symbolising the Islamic Resistance in Lebanon), and Mughniyeh as the link between them.

Al-Manar / AFP
An image grab from Hezbollah's al-Manar TV channel on July 10, 2024, shows Hezbollah chief Hassan Nasrallah speaking from an undisclosed location.

Long after the video's release, the base is still celebrating the video as if it had just been unveiled. Seen through non-tinted eyes, it is the perfect encapsulation of all the ideology and propaganda that the party has pumped its supporters with for years.

Exposed vulnerabilities

Since 8 October 2023, the day after Hamas killed 1,200 Israelis in its cross-border attack, Hezbollah's base has been under pressure, subjected to sharp criticism, and mocked by Lebanese who ridicule the group's involvement in the conflict.

For two decades, Hezbollah has sought to build an impression of strength, but successive and successful Israeli aerial sorties in recent months have undermined that.

Instead of being strong, the group's security has been shown to be woefully inadequate, as their weapons and commanders are picked off almost at will.

Likewise, their cross-border replies have shown in glaring detail the limits of its military and missile capabilities, its lack of expertise in AI technology, and its restricted freedom in making field and political decisions.

Instead of being strong, the group's security has been shown to be woefully inadequate, as weapons and commanders are picked off almost at will

The group's weaponry, communications network, and security measures have all being found wanting, while the Israel's reach shown to extend throughout Lebanon and Syria.

Romancing the base

In recent years, Hezbollah has found itself operating in Syria, where its fighters helped prop up the Damascus regime of President Bashar al-Assad, an ally of Iran.

Atta Kenara / AFP
Iranian attend the funeral procession for seven Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps members killed in a strike in Syria, which Iran blamed on Israel, in Tehran on April 5, 2024.

The group's leaders sought to cultivate an image of Syria's protectors, but in fact this is where its vulnerabilities were exposed, leaving its supporters on an emotional rollercoaster—rolling with the defeats, loving unconditionally.

The relationship between party and base is symbiotic. There is a mutual exchange of needs: supporters need a symbol of resistance, while the group needs its supporters to believe in what it is doing.

This fosters a romanticised narrative, in which the party can be cherished precisely because it is seen as at-risk. This leads its followers to overlook the importance of personal survival and the inherent value of life.

As tension mounts between Hezbollah and Israel, amid talk of all-out war, the group may soon need its supporters' faith to be of the utmost for what lies ahead.

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