Operation Dawn of Yemen: a nation's future at stake

The Houthis now confront a government moving to reclaim territory and state institutions, with extensive backing from the Saudi-led coalition

Operation Dawn of Yemen: a nation's future at stake

The Houthis were mistaken in assuming that Yemenis would eventually accept their rule and that whatever they had seized by force would remain theirs, no matter how long the war dragged on. With the launch of Operation Dawn of Yemen, they now confront a government moving to reclaim territory and state institutions, with extensive backing from the Saudi-led coalition.

This comes after years of attempts to reach a settlement, to which the Houthis responded with further escalation. More importantly, those directing the operation stated its objective from the outset: to liberate occupied areas and advance all the way to Sanaa. For Yemenis, that clarity matters. After a long wait marked by successive rounds of fighting and promises of peace, they want to know where their leaders are taking them.

Dawn of Yemen is a dual air and ground campaign that is targeting Houthi weapons depots, fortifications, and supply lines as troops advance to secure high ground and key roads. This gradual approach is far more effective than rushing to liberate cities in one fell sweep. Forces that move forward without securing their rear may simply find themselves fighting for the same ground again. It aims to first weaken militia defences, then breach them, secure positions and only then widen the offensive.

Commanders are also making use of cooperation between the Giants Brigades, the Nation’s Shield Forces and government troops on these fronts, dividing responsibilities and drawing on the fighters’ experience instead of allowing each formation to advance on its own. This kind of operation depends on coordination, discipline and continued support, not on a headlong advance that runs out of momentum at the first obstacle.

The Houthis are losing ground, facing military pressure on several fronts. Meanwhile, the Yemeni government has set its sights on retaking the capital

Significant gains

On the coast, Yemeni forces announced that they had liberated positions at Bab al-Mandab and on Mayyun Island (Perim Island) after advancing through Kahboub. The gain is significant not only because of the ground it has recovered, but also because it restores government control over positions the Houthis had tried to use to pressure the international community at one of the world's most important maritime routes.

Operations continue in Al-Wazi'iyah, while cutting the road between Dhubab and Mokha helps isolate militia positions on the Mokha fronts and disrupt their supply lines, without forcing a premature assault. The priority now is to hold onto these gains and secure the area around the strait. Pushing armed groups away from the coast is an important step, but it must be followed by dismantling the weapons infrastructure they use to attack ships at sea.

Yemeni government forces have also been instructed to protect civilians and their properites, enabling those who have been displaced to return home, once the fighting ends. President Rashad Al-Alimi warned against reprisals and instructed commanders to maintain discipline on the battlefield. This is key to winning over the hearts and minds of Yemenis, so the local population can see for themselves the difference between an institution that can be held accountable and a militia that rules by force.

The effort to isolate Houthi fighters around Mokha must not come at the expense of the city's residents. Yemenis who have already borne the cost of the coup deserve security and food, and providing relief is part of the responsibility that comes with restoring the state, not something to be left until the war is over.

As the Yemeni army moves forward, the Houthis may find popular resistance growing behind their lines

Difficult position

In my view, the Houthis are now in a difficult position that cannot easily be reversed by stepping up attacks on Saudi Arabia. They are losing ground and facing military pressure on several fronts. Meanwhile, the Yemeni government has set its sights on retaking the capital, Sanaa. The campaign requires patience, and any pause in advancement should not be interpreted as a retreat from that goal.

Yemeni government forces have a huge incentive to continue the fight. If the Houthis are allowed to reorganise near the strait, they will have another chance to launch attacks. Yemenis need to eliminate this threat once and for all, not continue living through the same cycle.

To be certain, Houthis have followers, but they lack the broad base of support willing to sacrifice Yemen's future for the sake of their continued rule. If Yemenis can be assured that protesting Houthi rule will not leave them vulnerable and exposed to retaliation from the group, this could encourage an open revolt. 

As the Yemeni army moves forward, the Houthis may find popular resistance growing behind their lines. They may then discover that those they have subjected to their rule for years are the very people most capable of bringing it to an end.

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